1. Home
  2. Vol 3, No 4 (2022)
  3. Khairandy

Exploring Social Contracts: Enhancing Cooperation and Collaboration between Businesses and Communities

Ridwan Khairandy, Abdul Halim Barkatullah, M. Khoirul Huda, . Ariyanto, Ari Yusuf Amir

Abstract


Even though the term “social contract” has been around for a while, its definition has evolved to fit the circumstances in a particular region. This study examines the idea of social contracts in the dynamic Indonesian environment, with a focus on partnerships between businesses and communities. This study examines the changing social dynamics within Indonesian society by using a qualitative research methodology and conducting a thorough literature review. It investigates how social contracts can address problems with cooperation and interaction between various groups. The findings underscore two significant factors that influence social contracts: coordination challenges within the same group and competition challenges between different groups. To effectively address these challenges, it is crucial to comprehend both intra-group and inter-group dynamics. The study concludes by discussing the Indonesian perspective on social contracts within the framework of existing rules and regulations, emphasizing the necessity of raising awareness and establishing a well-defined social contract framework to promote inclusive development and social harmony. It is necessary to create awareness about how social contracts help maintain inclusive development and the need to live within the means of social harmony based on social contracts established with a clear framework to realize a peaceful society. This study offers valuable insights into Indonesia’s evolving concept of social contracts. It underscores the pivotal role of collaboration between companies and communities in adapting to the rapidly changing Indonesian environment.

 

Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2022-03-04-005

Full Text: PDF


Keywords


Social Contracts; Cooperation; Companies; Communities; Indonesian Environme.

References


Griffith, K. (2010). The People Are the Prize: Social Bonds as a Counterinsurgency Objective. Phalanx, 43(4), 10-13.

McGlynn, T. (2010). How does social behavior evolve? Nature Education: Knowledge Project, 1(8), 33. Available online: https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/how-does-social-behavior-evolve-13260245/ (accessed on June 2022).

McCormick, D. (2008). Social animals. BioTechniques, 44(6), 715. doi:10.2144/000112846.

Inglehart, R., & Baker, W. E. (2000). Modernization, cultural change, and the persistence of traditional values. American Sociological Review, 65(1), 19–51. doi:10.2307/2657288.

Barkatullah, A. H., & Djumadi. (2018). Does self-regulation provide legal protection and security to e-commerce consumers? Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 30, 94–101. doi:10.1016/j.elerap.2018.05.008.

Suchman, M. C. (2003). The contract as social artifact. Law and Society Review, 37(1), 91–142. doi:10.1111/1540-5893.3701003.

Steinberger, P. J. (2008). Hobbes, Rousseau and the modern conception of the state. Journal of Politics, 70(3), 595–611. doi:10.1017/S002238160808064X.

Marcelo, G. (2013). Is there a Ricœurian answer to the crisis? (Or how to save the capable human being from social disintegration). Archivio Di Filosofia, 81(1–2), 137–152.

Fieser, J. (2017). The Social Contract. Available online: https://storage.googleapis.com/jfieser/300/socialcont.htm. (accessed on June 2022).

Vlerick, M. (2020). The Evolution of Social Contracts. Journal of Social Ontology, 5(2), 181–203. doi:10.1515/jso-2019-0041.

Sato, Y. (2007). Systems engineering and contractual individualism: Linking engineering processes to Macro social values. Social Studies of Science, 37(6), 909–934. doi:10.1177/0306312707076601.

Nurhayati, Y., Ifrani, I., Barkatullah, A. H., & Said, M. Y. (2019). The Issue of Copyright Infringement in 4.0 Industrial Revolution: Indonesian Case. Jurnal Media Hukum, 26(2), 122–130. doi:10.18196/jmh.20190128.

Barkatullah, A. H. (2020). The Dialectics of Freedom of Contract Doctrine with Welfare-State Concept in Providing Legal Protection to Consumers. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 17(6), 7248-7262.

López, E. J. (2010). Who will deregulate the deregulators? Public Choice, 142(3), 379–384. doi:10.1007/s11127-009-9537-5.

Steurer, R. (2013). Disentangling governance: A synoptic view of regulation by government, business and civil society. Policy Sciences, 46(4), 387–410. doi:10.1007/s11077-013-9177-y.

Wassmer, R. W., & Williams, J. A. (2021). The influence of regulation on residential land prices in United States metropolitan areas. Cityscape, 23(1), 9-36.

Kamat, S. (2004). The privatization of public interest: theorizing NGO discourse in a neoliberal era. Review of International Political Economy, 11(1), 155–176. doi:10.1080/0969229042000179794.

Masiya, T., Davids, Y. D., & Mangai, M. S. (2019). Assessing service delivery: Public perception of municipal service delivery in South Africa. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 14(2), 20–40.

Purdy, J. (2009). The politics of nature: climate change, environmental law, and democracy. Yale LJ, 119, 1122.

Zhan, X., Wing-Hung Lo, C., & Tang, S. Y. (2014). Contextual changes and environmental policy implementation: A longitudinal study of street-level bureaucrats in Guangzhou, China. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 24(4), 1005–1032. doi:10.1093/jopart/mut004.

Smith, T. B. (1973). The policy implementation process. Policy Sciences, 4(2), 197–209. doi:10.1007/BF01405732.

Back, K. W. (1963). The proper scope of social psychology. Social Forces, 41(4), 363–368. doi:10.2307/2573281.

Jones, L. P., & Sakong, I. (1980). Private Entrepreneurship: Supply. Government, Business, and Entrepreneurship in Economic Development, 210–257, Harvard University Asia Center, Cambridge, United States. doi:10.1163/9781684172245_008.

Bertram, C. (2012). Rousseau’s legacy in two conceptions of the general will: Democratic and transcendent. Review of Politics, 74(3), 403–419. doi:10.1017/S0034670512000514.

Sherlock, S. (2012). Made by committee and consensus: Parties and policy in the Indonesian parliament. South East Asia Research, 20(4), 551–568. doi:10.5367/sear.2012.0121.

Perlman, B. J. (2010). Governance Challenges and Options for State and Local Governments. State and Local Government Review, 42(3), 246–257. doi:10.1177/0160323x10390050.

Wigmore, I. (2018). Social Contract. Available online: https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/social-contract (accessed on September 2022).

O’Brien, K., Hayward, B., & Berkes, F. (2009). Rethinking social contracts: Building resilience in a changing climate. Ecology and Society, 14(2). doi:10.5751/ES-03027-140212.

Rubin, B. A. (2012). Shifting social contracts and the sociological imagination. Social Forces, 91(2), 327–346. doi:10.1093/sf/sos122.

Burnyeat, G., & Sheild Johansson, M. (2022). An anthropology of the social contract: The political power of an idea. Critique of Anthropology, 42(3), 221–237. doi:10.1177/0308275X221120168.

Wistow, J. (2022). Social policy, political economy and the social contract. Policy Press, Bristol, United Kingdom. doi:10.51952/9781447352624.

Loewe, M., Zintl, T., & Houdret, A. (2021). The social contract as a tool of analysis: Introduction to the special issue on “Framing the evolution of new social contracts in Middle Eastern and North African countries.” World Development, 145, 104982. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.104982.

Aghion, P., & Bolton, P. (2003). Incomplete social contracts. Journal of the European Economic Association, 1(1), 38–67. doi:10.1162/154247603322256765.

Dunfee, T. W., Smith, N. C., & Ross, W. T. (1999). Social Contracts and Marketing Ethics. Journal of Marketing, 63(3), 14–32. doi:10.1177/002224299906300302.

V Sasan, J. M. (2021). The Social Contract Theories of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke: Comparative Analysis. Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities, 9(1), 34–45. doi:10.34293/sijash.v9i1.4042.

Timm, L. B. (2009). The social function of contracts in market economic systems. PANOPTICA (em reformulação), 4(2), 139-153.

Devellennes, C. (2022). The Gilets Jaunes and the New Social Contract. In The Gilets Jaunes and the New Social Contract. Policy Press. doi:10.51952/9781529212235.

Jackson, W. A. (2007). On the social structure of markets. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 31(2), 235–253. doi:10.1093/cje/bel031.

Nimmer, R. T. (1998). Breaking Barriers: The Relation between Contract and Intellectual Property Law. Berkeley Technology Law Journal, 13(3), 827–889.

Anugrahsari, I., Sardjono, M. A., Fitriyah, N., & Golar, G. (2020). Social contracts: Pillars of community conservation partnerships in Lore Lindu national park, Indonesia. Forest and Society, 4(1), 115–126. doi:10.24259/fs.v4i1.8682.

Dimyati, K., Nashir, H., Elviandri, E., Absori, A., Wardiono, K., & Budiono, A. (2021). Indonesia as a legal welfare state: A prophetic-transcendental basis. Heliyon, 7(8), e07865. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07865.

McCarthy, J., & Sumarto, M. (2018). Distributional politics and social protection in Indonesia: Dilemma of layering, nesting and social fit in Jokowi’s poverty policy. Journal of Southeast Asian Economies, 35(2), 223–236. doi:10.1355/ae35-2g.

Abdu, W. J. (2014). Education and Microfinance as a Combined Empowerment Approach for the Microfinance Clients: A Multiple Cases Study of Two Local Microcredit Organizations in Bandung City in Indonesia. Ph.D. Thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia.

Suryahadi, A., & Al Izzati, R. (2018). Cards for the poor and funds for Villages: Jokowi’s initiatives to reduce poverty and inequality. Journal of Southeast Asian Economies, 35(2), 200–222. doi:10.1355/ae35-2f.

Baskailakhin, A. (2022). The Meaning of Social Justice in the Eyes of Millennials. Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik, Gresik, Indonesia. Available online: https://umg.ac.id/index.php/opini/31 (accessed on September 2022). (In Indonesian).

Rathgeber, E. M. (1981). Nonformal Education as an Empowering Process with Case Studies from Indonesia and Thailand. Suzanne Kindervather. Comparative Education Review, 25(3), 480–480. doi:10.1086/446258.

Hastuti, S. U., Mawardi, M. S., Sodo, J., & Marbun, D. Ruhmaniyati (2010). The Role of Social Protection in Ameliorating the Impact of the Global Financial Crisis 2008/2009. The SMERU Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Kreuger, L. W., & Neuman, W. L. (2006). Social work research methods: Qualitative and quantitative applications. Pearson & Allyn Bacon, Boston, United States.

Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E., & Airasian, P. (2006). Educational Research. Pearson/Merril Prentice Hall, Hoboken, United States.

Miller, A. R. (1969). Personal Privacy in the Computer Age: The Challenge of a New Technology in an Information-Oriented Society. Michigan Law Review, 67(6), 1089. doi:10.2307/1287516.

Wamaungo, J. A. (2013). Community participation in the development of non-formal education programmes. International Journal of Education and Management Studies, 3(1), 1-8.


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.28991/HEF-2022-03-04-005

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Khairandy Ridwan